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单位报销时关于发票的小贴士来啦
2021.09.18

情形一:无法取得增值税专用发票

场景1:我在开住宿发票的时候因为提供不了企业税号等信息,希望开个人抬头的增值税专用发票,店家为啥说开不了?

答:根据《中华人民共和国增值税暂行条例》第二十一条规定,应税销售行为的购买方为消费者个人的不得开具增值税专用发票。

场景2:我去书店帮企业购买图书,店家表示他们享受免税政策,开不了专用发票,只能开具普通发票,合理吗?

答:根据《中华人民共和国增值税暂行条例》第二十一条规定,发生应税销售行为适用免税规定的不得开具增值税专用发票。对适用免税政策的图书批发零售行为仅开具普通发票是正确的。

场景3:我去超市帮企业购买烟酒,想让超市开具增值税专用发票,超市不让开,有这回事吗?

答:根据《国家税务总局关于修订〈增值税专用发票使用规定〉的通知》(国税发〔2006〕156号)第十条规定,商业企业一般纳税人零售的烟、酒、食品、服装、鞋帽(不包括劳保专用部分)、化妆品等消费品不得开具专用发票。

情形二:取得专用发票也不能用于进项抵扣

场景1:我外出住宿取得了增值税专用发票,向财务报销的时候财务却说因为我们公司是小规模纳税人,开普通发票就可以了,是这样吗?

答:根据《中华人民共和国增值税暂行条例》第十一条,小规模纳税人发生应税销售行为,实行按照销售额和征收率计算应纳税额的简易办法,并不得抵扣进项税额。所以开具普通发票就可以了。

场景2:我们部门组织员工旅游,取得了增值税专用发票,给财务报销的时候财务却和我说不需要专用发票,这是什么原因呢?

答:旅游属于集体福利,根据《财政部 国家税务总局关于全面推开营业税改征增值税试点的通知》(财税〔2016〕36号)文件附件一《营业税改征增值税试点实施办法》第二十七条规定,用于简易计税方法计税项目、免征增值税项目、集体福利或者个人消费的购进货物、加工修理修配劳务、服务、无形资产和不动产的进项税额不得从销项税额中抵扣。所以无需索取增值税专用发票。

另外还需注意的是日常业务中购进的贷款服务、餐饮服务、居民日常服务和娱乐服务的进项税额都是不得从销项税额中抵扣的。

情形三:无需取得专用发票也可进项抵扣

场景:我出差乘坐飞机,索取专用发票的时候被告知拿着注明旅客身份信息的航空运输电子客票行程单回去报销就可以了,是这样吗?

答:根据《财政部税务总局海关总署关于深化增值税改革有关政策的公告》(财政部 税务总局 海关总署公告2019年第39号)第六条,纳税人购进国内旅客运输服务,其进项税额允许从销项税额中抵扣。国内旅客运输凭证,包括增值税专用发票,增值税电子普通发票,和注明旅客身份信息的航空运输电子客票行程单、铁路车票、公路、水路等其他客票。所以即使没有取得专用发票,公司也可凭注明旅客身份信息的航空运输电子客票行程单进项抵扣。

此外,根据《财政部 国家税务总局关于全面推开营业税改征增值税试点的通知》(财税〔2016〕36号)文件附件一《营业税改征增值税试点实施办法》第二十五条、《财政部 税务总局关于租入固定资产进项税额抵扣等增值税政策的通知》(财税〔2017〕90号)第七条,符合规定的机动车销售统一发票、海关进口增值税专用缴款书、农产品收购发票或销售发票、解缴税款的完税凭证、道路、桥、闸通行费发票,准予从销项税额中抵扣。

来源:上海税务

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